Synthesis of π-conjugated polycyclic compounds by late-stage extrusion of chalcogen fragments

• Aissam Okba,
• Pablo Simón Marqués,
• Kyohei Matsuo,
• Naoki Aratani,
• Hiroko Yamada,
• Gwénaël Rapenne and
• Claire Kammerer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 287–305, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.30

• phenanthrene as the main product. This result highlights the higher sensitivity of the Te-heteropines compared to S- and Se-counterparts towards thermal chalcogen extrusion. Next, four-fold Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of the tetrabrominated tribenzoheteropines 25b and 25c delivered compounds 27b and 27c as direct

Combining the best of both worlds: radical-based divergent total synthesis

• Kyriaki Gennaiou,
• Antonios Kelesidis,
• Maria Kourgiantaki and
• Alexandros L. Zografos

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1–26, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.1

• –cyclization of common synthetic intermediates 94 and 95 (Scheme 8). Compound 94 was obtained in three steps, with the key step being the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of appropriately functionalized precursors 91 and 92 using Romo and co-worker’s protocol [52]. Reaction of 94 under PPTS acidic conditions initiated

Introducing a new 7-ring fused diindenone-dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene unit as a promising component for organic semiconductor materials

• Valentin H. K. Fell,
• Joseph Cameron,
• Alexander L. Kanibolotsky,
• Eman J. Hussien and
• Peter J. Skabara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 944–955, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.94

• chromatography, in a manner similar to a reported procedure [49]. In a manner similar to [40], intermediate 27 was reacted with 32 within a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling to achieve 33 (Scheme 4). Intermediate 33 was then hydrolysed to the diacid 34 with lithium hydroxide [15]. Compound 34 was successfully reacted

Palladium-catalyzed solid-state borylation of aryl halides using mechanochemistry

• Koji Kubota,
• Emiru Baba,
• Tamae Seo,
• Tatsuo Ishiyama and
• Hajime Ito

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 855–862, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.86

• organic materials, typically through Suzuki–Miyaura coupling [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The palladium-catalyzed boryl substitution of aryl halides with boron reagents, termed Miyaura–Ishiyama borylation, is an efficient method for synthesizing arylboronates with high functional group compatibility [8][9][10

Borylated norbornadiene derivatives: Synthesis and application in Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions

• Robin Schulte and
• Heiko Ihmels

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 368–373, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.41

• -dioxaborolane was prepared and shown to be a suitable substrate for Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions with selected haloarenes. It was demonstrated exemplarily that the novel monosubstituted 2-(1-naphthyl)norbornadiene, that is accessible through this route, is transformed to the corresponding

• derivatives may be metalated in a Li–halogen exchange reaction [27]. In another versatile approach, arylation and alkenylation reactions of the norbornadiene may be accomplished with a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction. In this case, halogenated norbornadienes react with arylboronic acids or their esters to

• the corresponding aryl-substituted norbornadienes under optimized conditions [28][29][30][31]. To the best of our knowledge, however, no borylated norbornadiene derivatives have been employed in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions so far, although this synthetic route appears to be a useful

Ligand-dependent stereoselective Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of β-enamido triflates

• Tomáš Chvojka,
• Athanasios Markos,
• Svatava Voltrová,
• Radek Pohl and
• Petr Beier

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2657–2662, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.179

• -diaryl-substituted enamides is observed. Thus, the method provides synthetic access to both isomers of the target enamides from (Z)-β-enamido triflates. Keywords: enamides; isomerization; Suzuki–Miyaura coupling; vinyl triflates; Introduction Enamides are substrates of high value in organic synthesis

Silica gel and microwave-promoted synthesis of dihydropyrrolizines and tetrahydroindolizines from enaminones

• Robin Klintworth,
• Garreth L. Morgans,
• Stefania M. Scalzullo,
• Charles B. de Koning,
• Willem A. L. van Otterlo and
• Joseph P. Michael

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2543–2552, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.170

• the unsubstituted pyrrole position (Scheme 5). This site was readily brominated with N-bromosuccinimide in N,N-dimethylformamide [71] to afford ethyl 7-bromo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-5-carboxylate (28) in 83% yield. Palladium(0)-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of 28 with phenylboronic

Synthesis and investigation on optical and electrochemical properties of 2,4-diaryl-9-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroacridines

• Najeh Tka,
• Mohamed Adnene Hadj Ayed,
• Mourad Ben Braiek,
• Mahjoub Jabli and
• Peter Langer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2450–2461, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.162

• to 91% yield. The trifold Suzuki–Miyaura coupling product, i.e., 2,4,9-triphenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroacridine, could not be prepared, even after increasing the amount of phenylboronic acid to 4 equivalents and prolonging the reaction time. Our primary screening consisted in evaluating the effect of the

• ) approach [71] at the restricted Becke, 3-parameter, Lee–Yang–Parr hybrid functional (B3LYP) with standard basis set 6-31G (d) were carried out. Experimental procedure for the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and spectroscopic data for 9-chloro-2,4-diaryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroacridine derivatives 4a–g 2,4-Dibromo-9

• at a scan rate of 50 mV/s. Synthesis of 2. Synthesis of compounds 4a–g. Optimization of the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling between 2 and 3a.a Photophysical properties of tetrahydroacridines 4a–d in dichloromethane solution. Selected bonding and non-bonding distances (Ǻ) for compounds 4a–d. Supporting

Synthesis of phenanthridines via a novel photochemically-mediated cyclization and application to the synthesis of triphaeridine

• Songeziwe Ntsimango,
• Kennedy J. Ngwira,
• Moira L. Bode and
• Charles B. de Koning

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2340–2347, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.152

• was demonstrated to be useful for the synthesis of the natural product trisphaeridine (3) [17]. Exposure of 1-bromo-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene (19) to Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction conditions with boronic acid 20 resulted in the formation of aldehyde 21 (Scheme 5). Treatment of 21 with hydroxylamine

Chemical syntheses and salient features of azulene-containing homo- and copolymers

• Vijayendra S. Shetti

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2164–2185, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.139

• synthesized from tropolone (21) in five steps (Scheme 21A). The Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction of 2,6-dibromoazulene (125) with 2,2’-(9,9-dioctyl-9H-flourene-2,7-diyl)di(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (103) furnished the polymer 126 in 31% yield (Scheme 21B). The other polymer 129 was obtained from 2,6-dibromoazulene

Recent advances in the syntheses of anthracene derivatives

• Giovanni S. Baviera and
• Paulo M. Donate

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2028–2050, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.131

• ). Representative examples included indenoanthracenes 61a–c, bearing aryl groups linked to the alkyne, and indenoanthracenes 61d–f, containing tetramethylsilane groups at the terminal alkyne [46]. From commercially available 1,8-dichloroanthraquinone (62) and by using modified Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction

• conditions, Agarwal et al. synthesized a series of 1,8-diarylanthracene derivatives 64 in two steps (Scheme 14) [47]. First, the simple reduction of anthraquinone 62 employing the well-known reductive Zn/NH3 system and HCl provided 1,8-dichloroanthracene (63). A Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction in the

• -bromonaphthoquinone (140) reacted with vinylacetic acid to afford the allylated compound 141. Then, reduction of 141 and sequential O-methyl-protection furnished naphthalene 142. A Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction between 142 and boronic acids afforded 2-naphthylbenzaldehydes 143, which were further subjected to a

Synthetic accesses to biguanide compounds

• Oleksandr Grytsai,
• Cyril Ronco and
• Rachid Benhida

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1001–1040, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.82

• catalysts in various organic reactions [1] such as the Ullmann coupling, Suzuki coupling, Suzuki–Miyaura coupling, and the Heck reaction. Aside from being useful synthetic agents, biguanides gained particular interest from the perspective of medicinal chemistry. For the first time, the biological activity

Microwave-assisted multicomponent reactions in heterocyclic chemistry and mechanistic aspects

• Shivani Gulati,
• Stephy Elza John and
• Nagula Shankaraiah

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 819–865, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.71

• azepinone 22 and exemplified a modified Ugi reaction (four-component reaction). The aldehyde and acid component of the Ugi reaction was functionalized on the same biaryl ring employing a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. The authors advocated the use of microwave as it consistently increased the yield from 49% to 82

Total synthesis of pyrrolo[2,3-c]quinoline alkaloid: trigonoine B

• Takashi Nishiyama,
• Erina Hamada,
• Daishi Ishii,
• Yuuto Kihara,
• Nanase Choshi,
• Natsumi Nakanishi,
• Mari Murakami,
• Kimiko Taninaka,
• Noriyuki Hatae and
• Tominari Choshi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 730–736, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.62

• -azahexatriene system. Lastly, it was proposed that the carbodiimide 10 could be derived from urea 11. Therefore, we investigated the electrocyclization of a pyrrol-3-ylbenzene containing a carbodiimide moiety. First, 2-(pyrrol-3-yl)aniline 14 was synthesized by a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction of 2

• -iodo-5-methoxyaniline (24), was synthesized according to the procedure previously reported by Wetzel and co-workers [31]. The Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of 2-iodoaniline derivative 24 and pyrrole-3-boronic acid pinacol ester 13 was carried out in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 and SPhos, followed by the

Helicene synthesis by Brønsted acid-catalyzed cycloaromatization in HFIP [(CF₃)₂CHOH]

• Takeshi Fujita,
• Noriaki Shoji,
• Nao Yoshikawa and
• Junji Ichikawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 396–403, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.35

• bisacetal precursors, which were readily prepared through C–C bond formation by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. This cyclization was efficiently realized by a catalytic amount of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOH) in a cation-stabilizing solvent, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol (HFIP), which readily allowed

• central aromatic ring (Ar1) (Scheme 3, route b). The teraryl structures were constructed by the formation of two C–C bonds via tandem Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of two terminal (Ar2) and central (Ar1) arenes. It is noted that dihalogenated arenes were adopted as components for the central aromatic ring (Ar1

• , and heterohelicenes. Results and Discussion Carbohelicenes such as [5]helicene (1a) and [6]helicene (1b) were synthesized via Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of readily available dihalogenated arenes 2 with phenylboronic acid ester 3 bearing a (1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)methyl group [29], followed by triflic acid

Progress in the total synthesis of inthomycins

• Bidyut Kumar Senapati

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 58–82, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.7

• between vinyl bromide (Z,Z)-(+)-145a and (E)-vinylstannane 24 [43] proceeded without significant isomerization to give (4Z,6Z,8E)-triene (+)-146a, a subunit of inthomycin A ((+)-1). Meanwhile, the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of vinylboronate (Z,E)-(+)-145b with the known (E)-oxazole iodide 48 [43] was

Naphthalonitriles featuring efficient emission in solution and in the solid state

• Sidharth Thulaseedharan Nair Sailaja,
• Iván Maisuls,
• Jutta Kösters,
• Alexander Hepp,
• Andreas Faust,
• Jens Voskuhl and
• Cristian A. Strassert

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2960–2970, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.246

• –Miyaura coupling reaction starting from 6,7-dibromo-2,3-dicyanonaphthalene, which was prepared according to the literature [45] (Scheme 2). The compounds with the substituents R = H [46] and t-Bu [47] are already known and were herein investigated for comparative purpose. The standard reaction conditions

• exhibit weak emission in the inner cell, and ACQgens show weak emission in the outer cell [44]. Results and Discussion Synthesis and structural characterization In this contribution, six different p-phenyl-2,3-disubstituted-6,7-diphenylnaphthalenes with variable moieties were synthesized by the Suzuki

The biomimetic synthesis of balsaminone A and ellagic acid via oxidative dimerization

• Sharna-kay Daley and
• Nadale Downer-Riley

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2026–2031, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.169

• Ullman coupling, Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and Stille coupling have dominated the field for the synthesis of biaryls [1][4]. Throughout the years, the exploration of oxidative dimerization reactions of electron-rich aromatic compounds, such as thiophenes, anilines and alkoxyarenes, in an attempt to

Syntheses of spliceostatins and thailanstatins: a review

• William A. Donaldson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1991–2006, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.166

• . The removal of the silyl protecting group and hydrolysis of the methyl ester afforded the carboxylic acid 108. A subsequently attempted Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of 108 with vinyl boronates was described as “capricious”, and thus the acid was esterified with the tert-butyl donor reagent 109 to afford

• utilized the sequential application of a cross-metathesis and a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling in the syntheses of thailanstatin A and B (7 and 5) and spliceostatin D (9, Scheme 24) [24][25]. To this end, the methylhydrazinolysis of the phthalimide 39 and the amide formation with 12c yielded 121. The cross

• -metathesis of 121 with a five-fold excess of isopropenylboronic acid pinacol ester afforded the lynchpin vinylborane 130. A Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of 130 with the vinyl iodide 110, 111, or 112 gave the tert-butyl ester 131, 132, or 133 in a moderate yield (42–63%). The hydrolysis of the tert

Palladium-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective synthesis of aryl and 3-indolyl-substituted 4-methylene-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones

• Valeria Nori,
• Antonio Arcadi,
• Armando Carlone,
• Fabio Marinelli and
• Marco Chiarini

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1084–1091, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.95

• (Te), Italy 10.3762/bjoc.16.95 Abstract Cascade cyclocarbopalladation of the readily available aryl/alkyl-substituted propargylic amides containing an aryl iodide moiety, followed by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling with arylboronic acids, allowed an efficient regio- and stereoselective synthesis of

• 4 and 6 was unambiguously confirmed by NMR spectroscopy [43]. Conclusion In conclusion, we have demonstrated that cascade cyclocarbopalladations of the readily available aryl/alkyl-substituted N-propargyl-2-iodobenzamides 2 followed by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions with arylboronic acids, in the

Pd-catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions for the synthesis of chiral biaryl compounds with a large steric substituent at the 2-position

• Yongsu Li,
• Bendu Pan,
• Xuefeng He,
• Wang Xia,
• Yaqi Zhang,
• Hao Liang,
• Chitreddy V. Subba Reddy,
• Rihui Cao and
• Liqin Qiu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 966–973, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.85

• structure (Scheme 4). Conclusion In summary, a Pd-catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of 3-methyl-2-bromophenylamides or 3-methyl-2-bromo-1-nitrobenzene and 1-naphthaleneboronic acids has been successfully developed and the corresponding axially chiral biaryl compounds were obtained in very high

• by column chromatography to obtain the desired products. General procedure for the asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling In a glovebox, an oven-dried sealing tube (15 mL) was charged with bromoarylamides (0.2 mmol, 1.0 equiv), Pd2(dba)3 (0.005 mmol, 5 mol % Pd), ligand L7 (0.012 mmol, 6 mol

• silica gel. The enantiomeric excess value of the product was determined by HPLC by using an AD-H, OD-H or IA-3 column. (R)-MeO-MOP and our ligands. Asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. Reaction conditions: 1 equiv N-aryl-bromoaryl compounds, 2 equiv arylboronic acids, 5 mol % Pd, 6 mol % ligand, 3 equiv

Combining enyne metathesis with long-established organic transformations: a powerful strategy for the sustainable synthesis of bioactive molecules

• Valerian Dragutan,
• Ileana Dragutan,
• Albert Demonceau and
• Lionel Delaude

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 738–755, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.68

• of the dienic compound through a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and Julia–Kocienski olefination, followed by a Yamaguchi lactonization, and an asymmetric epoxidation in the presence of (+)-diethyl tartrate, conveniently produced (−)-amphidinolide K (4, Scheme 7). In a remarkable work, Trost et al. [72

Recent advances in Cu-catalyzed C(sp³)–Si and C(sp³)–B bond formation

• Balaram S. Takale,
• Ruchita R. Thakore,
• Elham Etemadi-Davan and
• Bruce H. Lipshutz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 691–737, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.67

Synthesis of triphenylene-fused phosphole oxides via C–H functionalizations

• Md. Shafiqur Rahman and
• Naohiko Yoshikai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 524–529, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.48

• π-extension through a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling, Sonogashira coupling, and electrophilic alkyne carbocyclization [18]. Given the successful synthesis of the angularly fused phosphahelicenes, we became interested in the further exploitation of 7-hydroxybenzo[b]phosphole as an intermediate for the

Palladium-catalyzed synthesis and nucleotide pyrophosphatase inhibition of benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-b]indoles

• Hoang Huy Do,
• Saif Ullah,
• Alexander Villinger,
• Joanna Lecka,
• Jean Sévigny,
• Peter Ehlers,
• Jamshed Iqbal and
• Peter Langer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2830–2839, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.276

• selected inhibitors on isozymes ENPP1 and ENPP3 modelled proteins were in accordance with in vitro experimental studies. Conclusion In conclusion, we have reported a convenient strategy for the preparation of benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-b]indoles based on Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions followed by Pd-catalyzed